今天跟大家一起学习的是,使用HTML5中新提供的文件API,实现从客户端用户的文件夹中,拖拉文件到你的浏览器中,然后实现文件的上传.目前HTML5中只有FIREFOX和Chrome支持这种拖拉上传功能.下面具体代码学习之:
1) 首先本文会用到https://github.com/weixiyen/jquery-filedrop这里的一个
jquery drop的插件,它很方便的帮我们封装了不少东西,先下载之.
2) index.html 代码:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <title>HTML5 File Drag and Drop Upload with jQuery and PHP | Tutorialzine Demo</title> <!-- Our CSS stylesheet file --> <link rel="stylesheet" href="assets/css/styles.css" /> <!--[if lt IE 9]> <script src="http://html5shiv.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/html5.js"></script> <![endif]--> </head> <body> <header> <h1>HTML5 File Upload with jQuery and PHP</h1> </header> <div id="dropbox"> <span class="message">Drop images here to upload. <i>(they will only be visible to you)</i></span> </div> <!-- Including The jQuery Library --> <script src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.6.3.min.js"></script> <!-- Including the HTML5 Uploader plugin --> <script src="assets/js/jquery.filedrop.js"></script> <!-- The main script file --> <script src="assets/js/script.js"></script> </body> </html>
其中,引入了jquery库和jquery.filedrop.js这个库,而dropbox这个DIV
是用来做拖放文件用的区域.
接下来,再放置一个区域,是显示拖放图片后,对图片进行预览,并显示上传进度条的div,如下:
<div class="preview done"> <span class="imageHolder"> <img src="" /> <span class="uploaded"></span> </span> <div class="progressHolder"> <div class="progress"></div> </div> </div>
由于jquey filedrop这个插件已经帮我们做了不少东西了,所以我们只需要利用这个插件就可以了,其中asset/js/script.js代码如下:
var template = '<div class="preview">'+ '<span class="imageHolder">'+ '<img />'+ '<span class="uploaded"></span>'+ '</span>'+ '<div class="progressHolder">'+ '<div class="progress"></div>'+ '</div>'+ '</div>'; function createImage(file){ var preview = $(template), image = $('img', preview); var reader = new FileReader(); image.width = 100; image.height = 100; reader.onload = function(e){ image.attr('src',e.target.result); }; reader.readAsDataURL(file); message.hide(); preview.appendTo(dropbox); $.data(file,preview); }
稍微解析下,这里var reader = new FileReader();
是调用了HTML5的API,然后当用户从客户端的文件夹中拖拉了一张图片到拖放区域后,
图片实际上以dataurl形式保存(实际上是BASE64编码),
reader.readAsDataURL(file);
这里执行后,就会触发reader.onload 事件,这里就将img的src属性设置为图片的实际内容了,即显示一张100*100的图片预览图了.
接下来,当每张图片在dropbox区域中被显示后,这个时候可以触发file drop这个插件的上传功能了,接下来看这个插件的功能代码:
$(function(){ var dropbox = $('#dropbox'), message = $('.message', dropbox); dropbox.filedrop({ //用来标识上传文件的数组名 paramname:'pic', //上传文件个数 maxfiles: 5, maxfilesize: 2, // 每个文件最大大小,为2MB url: 'post_file.php', uploadFinished:function(i,file,response){ $.data(file).addClass('done'); }, error: function(err, file) { switch(err) { case 'BrowserNotSupported': showMessage('Your browser does not support HTML5 file uploads!'); break; case 'TooManyFiles': alert('Too many files! Please select 5 at most!'); break; case 'FileTooLarge': alert(file.name+' is too large! Please upload files up to 2mb.'); break; default: break; } }, //判断每个上传的图片是否文件格式 beforeEach: function(file){ if(!file.type.match(/^image\//)){ alert('Only images are allowed!'); return false; } }, uploadStarted:function(i, file, len){ createImage(file); }, progressUpdated: function(i, file, progress) { $.data(file).find('.progress').width(progress); } }); var template = '...'; function createImage(file){ // ... see above ... } function showMessage(msg){ message.html(msg); } });
重点关注的方法为uploadStarted和progressUpdated.
而PHP部分接收文件的话,可以这样:
if(array_key_exists('pic',$_FILES) && $_FILES['pic']['error'] == 0 ){ $pic = $_FILES['pic']; } //然后自己调用PHP代码去管理上传
CSS代码为:
/*------------------------- Dropbox Element --------------------------*/ #dropbox{ background:url('../img/background_tile_3.jpg'); border-radius:3px; position: relative; margin:80px auto 90px; min-height: 290px; overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 40px; width: 990px; box-shadow:0 0 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.3) inset,0 -3px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); } #dropbox .message{ font-size: 11px; text-align: center; padding-top:160px; display: block; } #dropbox .message i{ color:#ccc; font-size:10px; } #dropbox:before{ border-radius:3px 3px 0 0; } /*------------------------- Image Previews --------------------------*/ #dropbox .preview{ width:245px; height: 215px; float:left; margin: 55px 0 0 60px; position: relative; text-align: center; } #dropbox .preview img{ max-width: 240px; max-height:180px; border:3px solid #fff; display: block; box-shadow:0 0 2px #000; } #dropbox .imageHolder{ display: inline-block; position:relative; } #dropbox .uploaded{ position: absolute; top:0; left:0; height:100%; width:100%; background: url('../img/done.png') no-repeat center center rgba(255,255,255,0.5); display: none; } #dropbox .preview.done .uploaded{ display: block; } /*------------------------- Progress Bars --------------------------*/ #dropbox .progressHolder{ position: absolute; background-color:#252f38; height:12px; width:100%; left:0; bottom: 0; box-shadow:0 0 2px #000; } #dropbox .progress{ background-color:#2586d0; position: absolute; height:100%; left:0; width:0; box-shadow: 0 0 1px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.4) inset; -moz-transition:0.25s; -webkit-transition:0.25s; -o-transition:0.25s; transition:0.25s; } #dropbox .preview.done .progress{ width:100% !important; }
整个运行的DEMO为:
http://demo.tutorialzine.com/2011/09/html5-file-upload-jquery-php/
代码下载地址为:
http://demo.tutorialzine.com/2011/09/html5-file-upload-jquery-php/html5-file-upload.zip
1 楼
songshuang
2011-09-29
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2 楼
flex_莫冲
2011-09-29
学习。。。
3 楼
wangyudiwang
2012-04-25
为什么都打不开啊?