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【Android学习札记】使用Fragments取代tabActivity开发网易新闻客户端框架

热度:99   发布时间:2016-05-01 17:31:32.0
【Android学习笔记】使用Fragments取代tabActivity开发网易新闻客户端框架

前记:手头一直有一个网易新闻客户端的框架(只是一个空架子),基本在上面进行修改,就可以作出自己的东西。里面的主框架是使用TabActivity和TabHost。

近日打开项目发现,TabActivity已然被谷歌取消了,虽然可以继续用,但是谷歌取消它自有取消它的理由。去Doc中一看,TabActivity建议用Fragment代替。于是开始研究这个Fragment使用,一看才知道,这个Fragment是个好东西。具体怎么用可以参照这个帖子:http://www.eoeandroid.com/thread-71642-1-1.html  讲的很好,所以我就不怎么重复了。这里着重讲一下使用Fragments取代tabActivity开发网易新闻客户端框架。这是截图:



原版的源代码下载:http://download.csdn.net/detail/w553000664/4491229 (注意这个是使用TabHost+TabActivity实现的,不推荐,但是可以作为一个学习的案例)


下面主要讲解如何使用Fragment来实现上述框架

1.分析一下底部使用TabHost来实现没有问题,在原来的项目中,TabHost来管理5个Activity,在这5个Activity中进行切换,来显示不同的功能。所以上面的界面是由每个Activity来提供的。现在改用Fragment后,TabHost切换的不再是Activity,而是Fragment中的内容。所以可以这样布局主Activity:

activity_main.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    style="@style/layout_full"    android:orientation="vertical" >    <TabHost        android:id="@+id/tabhost"        style="@style/layout_full" >        <LinearLayout            android:layout_width="match_parent"            android:layout_height="match_parent"            android:orientation="vertical" >            <FrameLayout                android:id="@android:id/tabcontent"                android:layout_width="fill_parent"                android:layout_height="0.0dip"                android:layout_weight="1.0" >                <LinearLayout                    android:id="@+id/linearlayout"                    style="@style/layout_full"                    android:orientation="vertical" >                    <fragment                        android:id="@+id/content_fragment_top"                        android:name="fragment_content.TopBarFragment"                        style="@style/layout_vertical"                        android:layout_weight="1" />                    <fragment                        android:id="@+id/content_fragment"                        android:name="fragment_content.Contentfragment"                        style="@style/layout_vertical"                        android:layout_weight="8" />                </LinearLayout>            </FrameLayout>            <TabWidget                android:id="@android:id/tabs"                android:layout_width="fill_parent"                android:layout_height="wrap_content"                android:visibility="gone" />            <FrameLayout                android:id="@android:id/tabcontent"                style="@style/layout_vertical"                android:layout_height="wrap_content" >                <RelativeLayout                    android:id="@+id/layout_bottom"                    android:layout_width="fill_parent"                    android:layout_height="wrap_content" >                    <RadioGroup                        android:id="@+id/radiogroup"                        android:layout_width="fill_parent"                        android:layout_height="wrap_content"                        android:layout_gravity="bottom"                        android:background="@drawable/bottombg"                        android:gravity="center_vertical"                        android:orientation="horizontal" >                        <RadioButton                            android:id="@+id/radio_news"                            android:layout_width="wrap_content"                            android:background="@drawable/tab_selector_news"                            android:button="@null"                            android:checked="true" />                        <RadioButton                            android:id="@+id/radio_topic"                            android:layout_width="wrap_content"                            android:background="@drawable/tab_selector_topic"                            android:button="@null" />                        <RadioButton                            android:id="@+id/radio_pic"                            android:layout_width="wrap_content"                            android:background="@drawable/tab_selector_pic"                            android:button="@null" />                        <RadioButton                            android:id="@+id/radio_follow"                            android:layout_width="wrap_content"                            android:background="@drawable/tab_selector_follow"                            android:button="@null" />                        <RadioButton                            android:id="@+id/radio_vote"                            android:layout_width="wrap_content"                            android:background="@drawable/tab_selector_vote"                            android:button="@null" />                    </RadioGroup>                </RelativeLayout>            </FrameLayout>        </LinearLayout>    </TabHost></LinearLayout>

可以看到布局中使用了两个Fragment,上面一个Fragment来显示标题,下面的Fragment来显示内容:

下面是两个Fragment的布局:很简单:

fragment_content.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    android:id="@+id/layout_content"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="40dip"    android:background="#990000" >    <ImageView        android:id="@+id/img_netease_top"        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:layout_centerVertical="true"        android:layout_marginLeft="10dip"        android:src="@drawable/netease_top" />    <TextView        android:id="@+id/fragment_context_context"        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:layout_centerVertical="true"        android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/img_netease_top"        android:text="@string/picture_top_left_text"        android:textColor="@android:color/white"        android:textSize="20sp" /></RelativeLayout>

fragment_topbar.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    android:id="@+id/layout_top"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="40dip"    android:background="#999999" >    <ImageView        android:id="@+id/img_netease_top"        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:layout_centerVertical="true"        android:layout_marginLeft="10dip"        android:src="@drawable/netease_top" />    <TextView        android:id="@+id/fragment_topbar_topic"        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:layout_centerVertical="true"        android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/img_netease_top"        android:text="@string/picture_top_left_text"        android:textColor="@android:color/white"        android:textSize="20sp" /></RelativeLayout>

下面来看主Activity:

MainActivity.java

package com.gracker.tabfragment;import android.app.Activity;import android.os.Bundle;import android.view.Menu;import android.widget.ImageView;import android.widget.RadioGroup;import android.widget.RadioGroup.OnCheckedChangeListener;import android.widget.RelativeLayout;import android.widget.TabHost;import com.and.netease.utils.MoveBg;import fragment_content.Contentfragment;import fragment_content.TopBarFragment;public class MainActivity extends Activity {	RadioGroup radioGroup;	ImageView img;	TabHost tabHost;	int startLeft;	RelativeLayout bottom_layout;	@Override	public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);		tabHost = (TabHost) findViewById(R.id.tabhost);		bottom_layout = (RelativeLayout) findViewById(R.id.layout_bottom);		radioGroup = (RadioGroup) findViewById(R.id.radiogroup);		radioGroup.setOnCheckedChangeListener(checkedChangeListener);		img = new ImageView(this);		img.setImageResource(R.drawable.tab_front_bg);		bottom_layout.addView(img);	}	@Override	public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {		getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.activity_main, menu);		return true;	}	// 当Tab发生变化时,改变tab的标签的显示图片	private OnCheckedChangeListener checkedChangeListener = new OnCheckedChangeListener() {		@Override		public void onCheckedChanged(RadioGroup group, int checkedId) {			Contentfragment fragment = (Contentfragment) getFragmentManager()					.findFragmentById(R.id.content_fragment);			TopBarFragment fragmentTopic = (TopBarFragment) getFragmentManager()					.findFragmentById(R.id.content_fragment_top);			switch (checkedId) {			case R.id.radio_news:				fragment.changeContent(0);				fragmentTopic.changeContent(0);				tabHost.setCurrentTabByTag("news");				MoveBg.moveFrontBg(img, startLeft, 0, 0, 0);				startLeft = 0;				break;			case R.id.radio_topic:				fragment.changeContent(1);				fragmentTopic.changeContent(1);								tabHost.setCurrentTabByTag("topic");				MoveBg.moveFrontBg(img, startLeft, img.getWidth(), 0, 0);				startLeft = img.getWidth();				break;			case R.id.radio_pic:				fragment.changeContent(2);				fragmentTopic.changeContent(2);								tabHost.setCurrentTabByTag("picture");				MoveBg.moveFrontBg(img, startLeft, img.getWidth() * 2, 0, 0);				startLeft = img.getWidth() * 2;				break;			case R.id.radio_follow:				fragment.changeContent(3);				fragmentTopic.changeContent(3);								tabHost.setCurrentTabByTag("follow");				MoveBg.moveFrontBg(img, startLeft, img.getWidth() * 3, 0, 0);				startLeft = img.getWidth() * 3;				break;			case R.id.radio_vote:				fragment.changeContent(4);				fragmentTopic.changeContent(4);								tabHost.setCurrentTabByTag("vote");				MoveBg.moveFrontBg(img, startLeft, img.getWidth() * 4, 0, 0);				startLeft = img.getWidth() * 4;				break;			default:				break;			}		}	};}

核心就在check监听器中,这里获取两个Fragment的实例,并修改其中的内容。

下面是两个Fragment的代码:

Contentfragment.java

package fragment_content;import android.app.Fragment;import android.os.Bundle;import android.util.Log;import android.view.LayoutInflater;import android.view.View;import android.view.ViewGroup;import android.widget.TextView;import com.gracker.tabfragment.R;public class Contentfragment extends Fragment {	TextView mTextView; // 显示的内容	@Override	public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {		// TODO Auto-generated method stub		Log.v("Contentfragment", "Contentfragment_onCreate");		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);	}	@Override	public void onDestroy() {		// TODO Auto-generated method stub		super.onDestroy();	}	@Override	public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,			Bundle savedInstanceState) {		Log.v("Contentfragment", "Contentfragment_onCreateView");		// super.onCreateView(inflater, container, savedInstanceState);		// Inflate the layout for this fragment		// TextView testText = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.item_detail);		return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_content, container, false);	}	public void changeContent(int index) {		mTextView = (TextView) getActivity().findViewById(				R.id.fragment_context_context);		switch (index) {		case 0:			mTextView.setText("1");			break;		case 1:			mTextView.setText("2");			break;		case 2:			mTextView.setText("3");			break;		case 3:			mTextView.setText("4");			break;		case 4:			mTextView.setText("5");			break;		default:			break;		}	}}

TopBarFragment.java:

package fragment_content;import com.gracker.tabfragment.R;import android.os.Bundle;import android.app.Fragment;import android.util.Log;import android.view.LayoutInflater;import android.view.View;import android.view.ViewGroup;import android.widget.TextView;public class TopBarFragment extends Fragment {	TextView mTextView;	@Override	public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {		// TODO Auto-generated method stub		Log.v("Contentfragment", "Contentfragment_onCreate");		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);	}	@Override	public void onDestroy() {		// TODO Auto-generated method stub		super.onDestroy();	}	@Override	public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,			Bundle savedInstanceState) {		Log.v("Contentfragment", "Contentfragment_onCreateView");		//super.onCreateView(inflater, container, savedInstanceState);		// Inflate the layout for this fragment//		TextView testText = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.item_detail);		return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_topbar, container, false);	}		public void changeContent(int index) {		mTextView = (TextView) getActivity().findViewById(				R.id.fragment_topbar_topic);		switch (index) {		case 0:			mTextView.setText("1");			break;		case 1:			mTextView.setText("2");			break;		case 2:			mTextView.setText("3");			break;		case 3:			mTextView.setText("4");			break;		case 4:			mTextView.setText("5");			break;		default:			break;		}	}}

核心代码就这么多,其实里面还有很多小细节,比如Tabhost切换是,背景的滑动,selector的使用等。

这个例子只是讲解初级的Fragment的使用,Fragment的另一个好处就是屏幕适配,可以让程序在平板和手机上显示不同的效果,仔细研究一下也是很有好处的

下面是 这个修改过的源码:http://download.csdn.net/detail/w553000664/4491272




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