问题： 一个人可以有三本证书：A 证 B 证 C 证 （可以有1~3本），现在有 10 个人，从中随机抽取 5 人，要求拥有 A 证 2 人，B 证 2 人，C 证 1人。用什么算法？
注： 1. 假如某个人拥有 A 证 B 证，抽取A证时抽到该人，抽取B 证不会再抽到该专家。
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先用只有1本证书的人填充，假设这样以后A证书的人满了，那么就将有AB，AC证书的当B，C证书处理。继续填充，最后不够就用有3本证书的人。所以证书越多工作机会越少。。。
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- C# code
static void Main(string[] args) { var allExperts = new List<Expert>() { new Expert{ name="专家1", certs=new[]{ "A", "B"} }, new Expert{ name= "专家2", certs=new[]{"A","B" }}, new Expert{ name= "专家3", certs=new[]{"A" }}, new Expert{ name= "专家4", certs=new[]{"A","C" }}, new Expert{ name= "专家5", certs=new[]{"A" }}, new Expert{ name= "专家6", certs=new[]{"B" }}, new Expert{ name= "专家7", certs=new[]{"A" }}, new Expert{ name= "专家8", certs=new[]{"C" }}, new Expert{ name= "专家9", certs=new[]{"C" }}, new Expert{ name= "专家10", certs=new[]{"C" }} }; var groups = new List<Group>() { new Group{cert="A", need = 2}, new Group{cert="B", need = 2}, new Group{cert="C", need = 1} }; var rand = new Random(); Func<List<Expert>, string, int, List<Expert>> draw = (experts, cert, count) => { var picked = experts.Where(e => e.certs.Contains(cert)).OrderBy(e => rand.Next()).Take(count).ToList(); experts.RemoveAll(e => picked.Contains(e)); return picked; }; Action<Group> pick = null; pick = group => { group.experts.AddRange(draw(allExperts, group.cert, group.lacks)); if (group.lacks > 0) { groups.Take(groups.IndexOf(group)).Reverse().ToList().ForEach(g => { group.experts.AddRange(draw(g.experts, group.cert, group.lacks)); pick(g); }); } }; foreach (var g in groups) pick(g); foreach (var g in groups) Console.WriteLine("{0}: {1}", g.cert, g.lacks > 0 ? "专家不够" : string.Join(", ", g.experts.Select(e => e.name))); } public class Expert { public string name; public string[] certs; } public class Group { public string cert; public int need; public List<Expert> experts = new List<Expert>(); public int lacks { get { return need - experts.Count; } } }
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Private Enum ExpertEnum
A = 1 'a证
B = 2 'b证
C = 4 'c证
D = 8 '选中状态
End Enum
Private Nerd(9) As Boolean
Private Function GetNerdID(ByVal nExpertEnum As ExpertEnum) As Integer '取得指定证书的专家ID并设置专家下次不可选
Dim i As Integer
For i = 0 To 9
If (Nerd(i) And ExpertEnum.D) = False Then
If Nerd(i) And nExpertEnum Then '位与运算
Nerd(i) = Nerd(i) Or ExpertEnum.D '位或运算
Return i
End If
End If
Next
End Function
Private Sub GetNerdID(ByVal nNerdID As Integer, ByVal nExpertEnum As ExpertEnum) '设置指定的专家有指定的证书
Nerd(nNerdID) = Nerd(nNerdID) Or nExpertEnum '位或运算
End Sub
Private Sub Clear() '重新来过
ReDim Nerd(9)