##提示，磁盘操作先进行备份哦
扩展1:
Linux centos系统如何查看磁盘分区类型时MBR还是GPT：
执行 fdisk -l 或者 parted -l 命令查看，如果是msdos 或者dos 则是MBR分区；如果是gpt,毋庸置疑是GPT分区
扩展2：
(parted) mkpart primary 17.2GB 100%
Error: partition length of 6257901568 sectors exceeds the msdos-partition-table-imposed maximum of 4294967295
报错原因：分区格式为MBR，最大支持2TB，实际剩余空间大于2TB
今天对一个3T的磁盘进行分区，出现以下提示：
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdaWARNING: The size of this disk is 3.2 TB (3221225472000 bytes).
DOS partition table format can not be used on drives for volumes
larger than (2199023255040 bytes) for 512-byte sectors. Use parted(1) and GUID
partition table format (GPT)
当利用fdisk 进行磁盘分区时，由于MBR分区类型的磁盘最大支持2TB，当大于2TB，只会分配2T的空间，此时会面临以下问题：
1.将剩余空间再进行分区，这样方法可行，但是管理起来麻烦
2.将MBR分区转化为GPT分区，然后利用 parted 命令（parted /dev/sdb mklabel gpt）可修改磁盘分区格式，对于新增的磁盘来说这样方式似乎可行，但是我这里服务器只有一个盘 /dev/sda，直接进行数据将重置磁盘数据具有数据丢失风险
进行了一大堆百度后发现gdisk 这个命令完美解决fdisk 命令的缺点，
yum install -y gdisk
直接贴操作如下，
[root@localhost ~]# gdisk /dev/sda
GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 0.8.10Partition table scan:MBR: MBR onlyBSD: not presentAPM: not presentGPT: not present***************************************************************
Found invalid GPT and valid MBR; converting MBR to GPT format
in memory. THIS OPERATION IS POTENTIALLY DESTRUCTIVE! Exit by
typing 'q' if you don't want to convert your MBR partitions to GPT format! ***************************************************************Command (? for help): p Disk /dev/sda: 6291456000 sectors, 2.9 TiB Logical sector size: 512 bytes Disk identifier (GUID): CB05B9CF-BD96-44B8-924A-24A0F0C50E0F Partition table holds up to 128 entries First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 6291455966 Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries Total free space is 2385207229 sectors (1.1 TiB)Number Start (sector) End (sector) Size Code Name1 2048 2099199 1024.0 MiB 8300 Linux filesystem2 2099200 33554431 15.0 GiB 8E00 Linux LVM3 33554432 3906250751 1.8 TiB 8300 Linux filesystemCommand (? for help): d Partition number (1-3): 3Command (? for help): p Disk /dev/sda: 6291456000 sectors, 2.9 TiB Logical sector size: 512 bytes Disk identifier (GUID): CB05B9CF-BD96-44B8-924A-24A0F0C50E0F Partition table holds up to 128 entries First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 6291455966 Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries Total free space is 6257903549 sectors (2.9 TiB)Number Start (sector) End (sector) Size Code Name1 2048 2099199 1024.0 MiB 8300 Linux filesystem2 2099200 33554431 15.0 GiB 8E00 Linux LVMCommand (? for help): n Partition number (3-128, default 3): First sector (34-6291455966, default = 33554432) or {+-}size{KMGTP}: Last sector (33554432-6291455966, default = 6291455966) or {+-}size{KMGTP}: Current type is 'Linux filesystem' Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300): p Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300): 8e Exact type match not found for type code 008E; assigning type code for 'Linux filesystem' Changed type of partition to 'Linux filesystem'Command (? for help): p
Disk /dev/sda: 6291456000 sectors, 2.9 TiB
Logical sector size: 512 bytes
Disk identifier (GUID): CB05B9CF-BD96-44B8-924A-24A0F0C50E0F
Partition table holds up to 128 entries
First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 6291455966
Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries
Total free space is 2014 sectors (1007.0 KiB)Number Start (sector) End (sector) Size Code Name1 2048 2099199 1024.0 MiB 8300 Linux filesystem2 2099200 33554431 15.0 GiB 8E00 Linux LVM3 33554432 6291455966 2.9 TiB 8300 Linux filesystemCommand (? for help): wFinal checks complete. About to write GPT data. THIS WILL OVERWRITE EXISTING
PARTITIONS!!Do you want to proceed? (Y/N): Y
OK; writing new GUID partition table (GPT) to /dev/sda.
Warning: The kernel is still using the old partition table.
The new table will be used at the next reboot.
The operation has completed successfully.
[root@ITP172023017249 ~]# gdisk -l
GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 0.8.10Problem opening -l for reading! Error is 2.
The specified file does not exist!
[root@ITP172023017249 ~]# fdisk -l
WARNING: fdisk GPT support is currently new, and therefore in an experimental phase. Use at your own discretion.Disk /dev/sda: 3221.2 GB, 3221225472000 bytes, 6291456000 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: gpt# Start End Size Type Name1 2048 2099199 1G Linux filesyste Linux filesystem2 2099200 33554431 15G Linux LVM Linux LVM3 33554432 6291455966 2.9T Linux filesyste Linux filesystemDisk /dev/mapper/cl-root: 14.4 GB, 14382268416 bytes, 28090368 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk /dev/mapper/cl-swap: 1719 MB, 1719664640 bytes, 3358720 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes[root@localhost~]#