1.前言
pytest配置文件可以改变pytest的运行方式，它是一个固定的文件pytest.ini文件，读取配置信息，按指定的方式去运行。
2.ini配置文件
pytest里面有些文件是非test文件
- pytest.ini pytest的主配置文件，可以改变pytest的默认行为
- conftest.py 测试用例的一些fixture配置
- init.py 识别该文件夹为python的package包
- tox.ini 与pytest.ini类似，用tox工具时候才有用
- setup.cfg 也是ini格式文件，影响setup.py的行为
ini文件基本格式
# 保存为pytest.ini文件[pytest]
addopts = -rsxX
xfail_strict = true
使用pytest --help指令可以查看pytest.ini的设置选项
[pytest] ini-options in the first pytest.ini|tox.ini|setup.cfg file found:markers (linelist) markers for test functionsempty_parameter_set_mark (string) default marker for empty parametersetsnorecursedirs (args) directory patterns to avoid for recursiontestpaths (args) directories to search for tests when no files or direconsole_output_style (string) console output: classic or with additional progrusefixtures (args) list of default fixtures to be used with this projectpython_files (args) glob-style file patterns for Python test module discopython_classes (args) prefixes or glob names for Python test class discoverpython_functions (args) prefixes or glob names for Python test function and mxfail_strict (bool) default for the strict parameter of addopts (args) extra command line optionsminversion (string) minimally required pytest version
--rsxX 表示pytest报告所有测试用例被跳过、预计失败、预计失败但实际被通过的原因
3.mark标记
如下案例，使用了2个标签：webtest和hello,使用mark标记功能对于以后分类测试非常有用处
# content of test_mark.py
import pytest@pytest.mark.webtest
def test_send_http():print("mark web test")def test_something_quick():passdef test_another():pass@pytest.mark.hello
class TestClass:def test_01(self):print("hello :")def test_02(self):print("hello world!")if __name__ == "__main__":pytest.main(["-v", "test_mark.py", "-m=hello"])
运行结果
============================= test session starts =============================
platform win32 -- Python 3.6.0, pytest-3.6.3, py-1.5.4, pluggy-0.6.0 -- D:\soft\python3.6\python.exe
cachedir: .pytest_cache
metadata: {'Python': '3.6.0', 'Platform': 'Windows-7-6.1.7601-SP1', 'Packages': {'pytest': '3.6.3', 'py': '1.5.4', 'pluggy': '0.6.0'}, 'Plugins': {'metadata': '1.7.0', 'html': '1.19.0', 'allure-adaptor': '1.7.10'}, 'JAVA_HOME': 'D:\\soft\\jdk18\\jdk18v'}
rootdir: D:\YOYO, inifile:
plugins: metadata-1.7.0, html-1.19.0, allure-adaptor-1.7.10
collecting ... collected 5 items / 3 deselectedtest_mark.py::TestClass::test_01 PASSED [ 50%]
test_mark.py::TestClass::test_02 PASSED [100%]=================== 2 passed, 3 deselected in 0.11 seconds ====================
有时候标签多了，不容易记住，为了方便后续执行指令的时候能准确使用mark的标签，可以写入到pytest.ini文件
# pytest.ini
[pytest]markers =webtest: Run the webtest casehello: Run the hello case标记好之后，可以使用pytest --markers查看到
pytest --markers
4.禁用xpass
设置xfail_strict = true可以让那些标记为@pytest.mark.xfail但实际通过的测试用例被报告为失败
什么叫标记为@pytest.mark.xfail但实际通过，这个比较绕脑，看以下案例
# content of test_xpass.py
import pytestdef test_hello():print("hello world!")assert 1@pytest.mark.xfail()
def test_yoyo1():a = "hello"b = "hello world"assert a == b@pytest.mark.xfail()
def test_yoyo2():a = "hello"b = "hello world"assert a != bif __name__ == "__main__":pytest.main(["-v", "test_xpass.py"])
测试结果
collecting ... collected 3 itemstest_xpass.py::test_hello PASSED [ 33%]
test_xpass.py::test_yoyo1 xfail [ 66%]
test_xpass.py::test_yoyo2 XPASS [100%]=============== 1 passed, 1 xfailed, 1 xpassed in 0.27 seconds ================
test_yoyo1和test_yoyo2这2个用例一个是a == b一个是a != b,两个都标记失败了，我们希望两个用例不用执行全部显示xfail。实际上最后一个却显示xpass.为了让两个都显示xfail，那就加个配置
xfail_strict = true
# pytest.ini
[pytest]markers =webtest: Run the webtest casehello: Run the hello casexfail_strict = true
collecting ... collected 3 itemstest_xpass.py::test_hello PASSED [ 33%]
test_xpass.py::test_yoyo1 xfail [ 66%]
test_xpass.py::test_yoyo2 FAILED [100%]================================== FAILURES ===================================
_________________________________ test_yoyo2 __________________________________
[XPASS(strict)]
================ 1 failed, 1 passed, 1 xfailed in 0.05 seconds ================