原因：
这是由于没有安装python dev相关的头文件和依赖库。
解决：
安装python dev，具体安装方式根据linux发行版不同如下：
apt (Ubuntu, Debian):
sudo apt-get install python-dev # for python2.x installs
sudo apt-get install python3-dev # for python3.x installs
yum (CentOS, RHEL):
sudo yum install python-devel # for python2.x installs
sudo yum install python3-devel # for python3.x installs
dnf (Fedora):
sudo dnf install python2-devel # for python2.x installs
sudo dnf install python3-devel # for python3.x installs
zypper (openSUSE):
sudo zypper in python-devel # for python2.x installs
sudo zypper in python3-devel # for python3.x installs
apk (Alpine):
sudo apk add python2-dev # for python2.x installs
sudo apk add python3-dev # for python3.x installs
apt-cyg (Cygwin...):
apt-cyg install python-devel # for python2.x installs
apt-cyg install python3-devel # for python3.x installs