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DeviceDriver(九):Platform总线(设备树)

热度:53   发布时间:2023-10-24 00:32:15.0

Platform总线设备驱动未采用设备树的方式之参考:

03_Platform总线设备驱动_猩猩の點燈的博客-CSDN博客

一:设备树下的platform驱动简介

        platform驱动框架分为总线,设备和驱动,其中总线不需要我们这些驱动程序员去管理,这个是Linux内核提供的,我们在编写驱动的时候只需要关注设备和驱动的具体实现即可。在以前没有设备树的内核下,我们需要分别编写并注册platform_device和platform_driver。使用设备树的情况下,设备的描述被放到设备树中,因此platform_device就不需要我们去编写了,我们只需要实现platform_driver即可。

1、设备树中创建设备节点

重点是设置好compatible属性的值,因为platform总线需要通过设备节点的compatible属性值来匹配驱动。‘’

	gpioled {#address-cells = <1>;#size-cells = <1>;compatible = "my-led";pinctrl-names = "default";pinctrl-0 = <&pinctrl_led>;led-gpio = <&gpio1 3 GPIO_ACTIVE_LOW>;status = "okay";};

compatible属性值为“my-led”,因此在platform驱动的时候of_match_table属性表中要有“my-led”

2、编写platform驱动的时候注意兼容属性

static const struct of_device_id leds_of_match[] = { { .compatible = "my-led" }, /* 兼容属性 */{ /* Sentinel */ } 
};MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(of, leds_of_match);static struct platform_driver leds_platform_driver = {.driver = {.name = "imx6ul-led",.of_match_table = leds_of_match,},.probe = leds_probe,.remove = leds_remove,
};

(1)of_device_id表也就是驱动兼容表,是一个数组,每个数组元素为of_device_id类型。驱动中的compatible属性和设备中的compatible属性相匹配,因此驱动中对应的probe函数就会执行。注意of_device_id列表中最后一个元素一定要为空!

(2)MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE声明leds_of_match这个设备匹配表

(3)设置platform_driver中的of_match_table匹配表为上面创建的leds_of_match

二:注册和删除platform驱动的另一种办法

 include/linux/platform_device.h :

module_platform_driver(__platform_driver);#define module_platform_driver(__platform_driver) \module_driver(__platform_driver, platform_driver_register, \platform_driver_unregister)#define module_driver(__driver, __register, __unregister, ...) \
static int __init __driver##_init(void) \
{ \return __register(&(__driver) , ##__VA_ARGS__); \
} \
module_init(__driver##_init); \
static void __exit __driver##_exit(void) \
{ \__unregister(&(__driver) , ##__VA_ARGS__); \
} \
module_exit(__driver##_exit);

宏定义module_platform_driver的功能完成了platform驱动的注册和删除。

三:示例

#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/ide.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/gpio.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
#include <linux/device.h>
#include <linux/of_gpio.h>
#include <linux/semaphore.h>
#include <linux/timer.h>
#include <linux/irq.h>
#include <linux/wait.h>
#include <linux/poll.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/fcntl.h>
#include <linux/platform_device.h>
#include <asm/mach/map.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include <asm/io.h>#define LEDDEV_CNT      1
#define LEDDEV_NAME     "platformled"
#define LEDOFF          0
#define LEDON           1struct leddev_dev {dev_t   devid;struct cdev cdev;struct class *class;struct device *device;int major;struct device_node *node;int led0;
};struct leddev_dev leddev;static int led_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{filp->private_data = &leddev;return 0;
}static ssize_t led_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *buf, size_t cnt, loff_t *offt)
{int retval;unsigned char databuf[2];unsigned char buff;retval = copy_from_user(databuf, buf, cnt);if(retval < 0){printk("kernel write failed!\n");return -EFAULT;}buff = databuf[0];if(buff == LEDON){gpio_set_value(leddev.led0, 0);}else{gpio_set_value(leddev.led0, 1);} 
}static struct file_operations led_fops = {.owner = THIS_MODULE,.open  = led_open,.write = led_write,
};static int led_probe(struct platform_device *dev)
{printk("led driver and device was matched!\n");if(leddev.major){leddev.devid = MKDEV(leddev.major, 0);register_chrdev_region(leddev.devid, LEDDEV_CNT, LEDDEV_NAME);}else{alloc_chrdev_region(&leddev.devid, 0, LEDDEV_CNT, LEDDEV_NAME);leddev.major = MAJOR(leddev.devid);}cdev_init(&leddev.cdev, &led_fops);cdev_add(&leddev.cdev, leddev.devid, LEDDEV_CNT);leddev.class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, LEDDEV_NAME);leddev.device = device_create(leddev.class, NULL, leddev.devid, NULL, LEDDEV_NAME);leddev.node = of_find_node_by_path("/gpioled");leddev.led0 = of_get_named_gpio(leddev.node, "led-gpio", 0);gpio_request(leddev.led0, "led0");gpio_direction_output(leddev.led0, 1);return 0;
}static int led_remove(struct platform_device *dev)
{gpio_set_value(leddev.led0, 1);cdev_del(&leddev.cdev);unregister_chrdev_region(leddev.devid, LEDDEV_CNT);device_destroy(leddev.class, leddev.devid);class_destroy(leddev.class);return 0;
}static const struct of_device_id led_of_match[] = {{.compatible = "my-led"},{   /* Sentinel */ }  
};static struct platform_driver led_driver = {.driver = {.name = "imx6ul-led",.of_match_table = led_of_match,},.probe = led_probe,.remove= led_remove,
};static int platformled_init(void)
{return platform_driver_register(&led_driver);
}static void platformled_exit(void)
{platform_driver_unregister(&led_driver);
}module_init(platformled_init);
module_exit(platformled_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

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