现在查询的结果集如下:
departid name
1 alex
1 david
2 susan
2 linda
想把结果集变成如下形式:
deartid name
1 alex,david
2 susan,linda
求指点?
是否用到游标和临时表?
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有表tb, 如下:id value1 aa1 bb2 aaa2 bbb2 ccc需要得到结果:id values1 aa,bb2 aaa,bbb,ccc即,group by id, 求value 的和(字符串相加)1. 旧的解决方法-- 1. 创建处理函数CREATE FUNCTION dbo.f_str(@id int)RETURNS varchar(8000)ASBEGIN DECLARE @r varchar(8000) SET @r = '' SELECT @r = @r + ',' + value FROM tb WHERE [email protected] RETURN STUFF(@r, 1, 1, '')ENDGO-- 调用函数SELECt id, values=dbo.f_str(id) FROM tb GROUP BY id-- 2. 新的解决方法-- 示例数据DECLARE @t TABLE(id int, value varchar(10))INSERT @t SELECT 1, 'aa'UNION ALL SELECT 1, 'bb'UNION ALL SELECT 2, 'aaa'UNION ALL SELECT 2, 'bbb'UNION ALL SELECT 2, 'ccc'-- 查询处理SELECT *FROM (SELECT DISTINCT Id FROM @t)AOUTER APPLY( SELECT [values]= STUFF(REPLACE(REPLACE( ( SELECT value FROM @t N WHERE id = A.id FOR XML AUTO ), '<N value="', ','), '"/>', ''), 1, 1, ''))N/*--结果id values----------- ----------------1 aa,bb2 aaa,bbb,ccc(2 行受影响)--*/
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--> 测试数据:[tbl]if object_id('[tbl]') is not null drop table [tbl]create table [tbl]([id] int,[value] varchar(5))insert [tbl]select 1,'alex' union allselect 1,'david' union allselect 2,'susan' union allselect 2,'linda'-- 1. 创建处理函数GOCREATE FUNCTION dbo.f_str(@id int)RETURNS varchar(8000)ASBEGIN DECLARE @r varchar(8000) SET @r = '' SELECT @r = @r + ',' + value FROM [tbl] WHERE [email protected] RETURN STUFF(@r, 1, 1, '')ENDGO-- 调用函数SELECt id, [value]=dbo.f_str(id) FROM [tbl] GROUP BY id/*id value1 alex,david2 susan,linda*/
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- SQL code
/****************************************************************************************************************************************************** 合并分拆表数据 整理人:中国风(Roy) 日期:2008.06.06 ******************************************************************************************************************************************************/ --> --> (Roy)生成測試數據 if not object_id('Tab') is null drop table Tab Go Create table Tab([Col1] int,[Col2] nvarchar(1)) Insert Tab select 1,N'a' union all select 1,N'b' union all select 1,N'c' union all select 2,N'd' union all select 2,N'e' union all select 3,N'f' Go 合并表: SQL2000用函数: go if object_id('F_Str') is not null drop function F_Str go create function F_Str(@Col1 int) returns nvarchar(100) as begin declare @S nvarchar(100) select @S=isnull(@S+',','')+Col2 from Tab where [email protected] return @S end go Select distinct Col1,Col2=dbo.F_Str(Col1) from Tab go SQL2005用XML: 方法1: select a.Col1,Col2=stuff(b.Col2.value('/R[1]','nvarchar(max)'),1,1,'') from (select distinct COl1 from Tab) a Cross apply (select COl2=(select N','+Col2 from Tab where Col1=a.COl1 For XML PATH(''), ROOT('R'), TYPE))b 方法2: select a.Col1,COl2=replace(b.Col2.value('/Tab[1]','nvarchar(max)'),char(44)+char(32),char(44)) from (select distinct COl1 from Tab) a cross apply (select Col2=(select COl2 from Tab where COl1=a.COl1 FOR XML AUTO, TYPE) .query(' <Tab> {for $i in /Tab[position() <last()][email protected] return concat(string($i),",")} {concat("",string(/Tab[last()][email protected]))} </Tab>') )b SQL05用CTE: ;with roy as(select Col1,Col2,row=row_number()over(partition by COl1 order by COl1) from Tab) ,Roy2 as (select COl1,cast(COl2 as nvarchar(100))COl2,row from Roy where row=1 union all select a.Col1,cast(b.COl2+','+a.COl2 as nvarchar(100)),a.row from Roy a join Roy2 b on a.COl1=b.COl1 and a.row=b.row+1) select Col1,Col2 from Roy2 a where row=(select max(row) from roy where Col1=a.COl1) order by Col1 option (MAXRECURSION 0) 生成结果: /* Col1 COl2 ----------- ------------ 1 a,b,c 2 d,e 3 f (3 行受影响) */ --参考拆分表:--> --> (Roy)生成測試數據 if not object_id('Tab') is null drop table TabGoCreate table Tab([Col1] int,[COl2] nvarchar(5))Insert Tabselect 1,N'a,b,c' union allselect 2,N'd,e' union allselect 3,N'f'Go--SQL2000用辅助表:if object_id('Tempdb..#Num') is not null drop table #Numgoselect top 100 ID=Identity(int,1,1) into #Num from syscolumns a,syscolumns bSelect a.Col1,COl2=substring(a.Col2,b.ID,charindex(',',a.Col2+',',b.ID)-b.ID) from Tab a,#Num bwhere charindex(',',','+a.Col2,b.ID)=b.ID --也可用 substring(','+a.COl2,b.ID,1)=','--2000不使用辅助表Select a.Col1,COl2=substring(a.Col2,b.number,charindex(',',a.Col2+',',b.number)-b.number) from Tab a join master..spt_values b ON B.type='p' AND B.number BETWEEN 1 AND LEN(A.col2)where substring(','+a.COl2,b.number,1)=','SQL2005用Xml:select a.COl1,b.Col2from (select Col1,COl2=convert(xml,'<root><v>'+replace(COl2,',','</v><v>')+'</v></root>') from Tab)aouter apply (select Col2=C.v.value('.','nvarchar(100)') from a.COl2.nodes('/root/v')C(v))bSQL05用CTE:;with roy as (select Col1,COl2=cast(left(Col2,charindex(',',Col2+',')-1) as nvarchar(100)),Split=cast(stuff(COl2+',',1,charindex(',',Col2+','),'') as nvarchar(100)) from Tabunion allselect Col1,COl2=cast(left(Split,charindex(',',Split)-1) as nvarchar(100)),Split= cast(stuff(Split,1,charindex(',',Split),'') as nvarchar(100)) from Roy where split>'')select COl1,COl2 from roy order by COl1 option (MAXRECURSION 0)生成结果:/*Col1 COl2----------- -----1 a1 b1 c2 d2 e3 f*/