作者：张华 发表于：2016-01-13
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( http://blog.csdn.net/quqi99 )
Precondition
a, sudo apt install gnupg pbuilder ubuntu-dev-tools bzr-builddeb apt-file debhelper dh-systemd openstack-pkg-tools
b, GPG key
scp -r /home/hua/.gnupg ubuntu@192.168.100.3:~/
gpg --list-public # or gpg --gen-key
export GPGKEY=XXXXXX
gpg --send-keys --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com $GPGKEY
#sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv A4B469963BF863CC
c, SSH key
ssh-keygen -t rsa
https://launchpad.net/~/+editsshkeys
d, Bazaar
bzr whoami "<Email>"
bzr launchpad-login <lauchpad_id>
Get the source code
a, Add related ppa to /etc/apt/source.list
ppa info can be found from lanchpad https://launchpad.net/~zhhuabj/+archivesubscriptions
b, Import the public key and update the repository
sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys <public-key>
sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv A4B469963BF863CC
sudo apt-get update
c, Get the source code (pls don't add other repository when executing this step)
#Get package from the ppa
sudo apt-get source <package-name>
#Get package from official repo
sudo pip install --upgrade lazr.restfulclient
#pull-lp-source cinder trusty
pull-lp-debs ovn focal 20.03.2-0ubuntu0.20.04.1
#debcheckout --git-track='*' nova #for openstack sru
pull-ppa-debs --ppa <ppa> <package> << normally you could use this, but since the PPA is private, it doesn't work.. so you need to manually locate the correct release, click, download the .debs 1 by 1 with 'wget' or something'.. then
on each node:
apt install dctrl-status apt install $(grep-status -w -S neutron -s Package -n|sed -E 's@^(.*)$@\1=2:12.1.1-0ubuntu3@g'|xargs)
d, dget *.dsc
Example:
sudo add-apt-repository cloud-archive:kilo
#uncomment deb-src in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/cloudarchive-kilo.list
$ cat /etc/apt/sources.list.d/cloudarchive-kilo.list
deb http://ubuntu-cloud.archive.canonical.com/ubuntu trusty-updates/kilo main
deb-src http://ubuntu-cloud.archive.canonical.com/ubuntu trusty-updates/kilo main
sudo rm /var/lib/apt/lists/* -vf && sudo apt-get update
rmadison libvirt
sudo apt-cache madison nova-compute #See all versions
cmadison octavia
sudo apt-get source nova=1:2015.1.2-0ubuntu2~cloud
其中get-get source相当于:
#https://launchpad.net/~ubuntu-cloud-archive/+archive/ubuntu/kilo-staging/+packages?field.name_filter=qemu&field.status_filter=superseded&field.series_filter=
wget https://launchpad.net/~ubuntu-cloud-archive/+archive/ubuntu/kilo-staging/+files/qemu_2.2+dfsg-5expubuntu9.6~cloud0.debian.tar.gz
wget https://launchpad.net/~ubuntu-cloud-archive/+archive/ubuntu/kilo-staging/+files/qemu_2.2+dfsg-5expubuntu9.6~cloud0.dsc
wget https://launchpad.net/~ubuntu-cloud-archive/+archive/ubuntu/kilo-staging/+files/qemu_2.2+dfsg.orig.tar.xz
dpkg-source -x qemu_2.2+dfsg-5expubuntu9.6~cloud0.dsc
Patch package
1, quilt configuration - https://lists.ubuntu.com/archives/ubuntu-devel/2022-May/042103.html
a, sudo apt-get install quilt devscripts dh-make
b, Export to bash env
export QUILT_PATCHES=debian/patches
export QUILT_NO_DIFF_INDEX=1
export QUILT_NO_DIFF_TIMESTAMPS=1
export QUILT_REFRESH_ARGS="-p ab"
export QUILT_PATCHES=debian/patches
export QUILT_REFRESH_ARGS="-p ab --no-timestamps --no-index"
#git format-patch -1 2150d5d8e17323bc9fce11903da3afffda211d26
quilt import /bak/openstack/nova/0001-pci-eliminate-DB-lookup-PCI-requests-during-claim.patch
c, Creating a new patch.
quilt new test.diff
quilt add neutron/agent/linux/ovs_lib.py
quilt refresh
quilt rename -P test.diff test2.diff
cat debian/patches/test.diff
quilt pop -a
d, For the exsiting patch,
Put the patch into './debian/patches' directory
Pppend it into './debian/patch/series' file
Use 'quilt push -a' command to push all existing patches onto the source tree.
quilt refresh
3, changelog
dch -i #can be changed later by dch -e
cat debian/changelog
cat debian/copyright
cat debian/rules
cat debian/control
ppa name format: <customername>[-<openstack-version>|-<ubuntu-release>]
changelog format: <upstream-version>hf<lp-bug-number>v<date>.<buildnum>
dch -b -Dprecise-updates -v1:2014.1.5-0ubuntu1.2hf123456v20150902.0
nova (1:2014.1.5-0ubuntu1.2hf123456v20150902.0) precise-update; urgency=low
* [HOTFIX] Fixes some catastrophic failure (LP: #123456)
- blah blah blah
- d/p/my-awesome-backport.patch
4, Edit ppa's dependancy in 'Edit PPA dependencies' field.
Eg:
for Juno, ~ubuntu-cloud-archive/ubuntu/juno-staging
for grizzly, ~ubuntu-cloud-archive/grizzly-staging
5, Resolv the dependancy
dpkg-checkbuilddeps
add grizzly dependancy repository
#sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-cloud-archive/grizzly-staging
deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntu-cloud-archive/grizzly-staging/ubuntu precise main
deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntu-cloud-archive/grizzly-staging/ubuntu precise main
sudo apt-get build-dep quantum # will read debian/control to resolv dependancy.
sudo apt-get build-dep --no-install-recommends quantum
6, Build
find . -name "*.pyc" -exec rm -rf {} \;
#build signed source package
debuild -S -k<your key here>
#build signed binary package
debuild -b -k<your key here>
#build unsigned source package
debuild -i -us -uc -S
#build unsigned binary package which can be tested by the command 'dpkg -i <pac>.deb'
debuild -i -us -uc -b
debuild -S -sa --changes-option=-DDistribution=precise -k<GPGKEY> # -sa is used for including source code
# pdebuild --debbuildopts -sa
#for openstack sru, 有时候这步不成功，需要先将patch用quilt格式化一下再用（quilt import, quilt push -a, quilt refresh)
sudo apt install build-essential devscripts quilt dh-autoreconf fakeroot dpkg-dev python-sphinx
gbp buildpackage -S -k$GPGKEY
#gbp buildpackage -S -us -uc
2, debiandiff, 这步需要将老新build两次再用debdiff命令产生
a, Use the existing debdiff, patch -p1 < ../trusty.debdiff
b, Create new debdiff, http://packaging.ubuntu.com/html/traditional-packaging.html#creating-a-debdiff
debuild -S #build old source to generate dsc file
debdiff old.dsc new.dsc #generate debdiff by comparing two sources
7, Upload to PPA
export DEBEMAIL=<email>
export DEBFULLNAME=<name, e.g. "Zhang">
#Test PPA can be created in https://launchpad.net/~zhhuabj/+activate-ppa
dput -f ppa:zhhuabj/trusty-sru-testing test.changes
#openstack sru
git push --all lp:~<launchpad-id>/ubuntu/+source/nova
git push --tags lp:~<launchpad-id>/ubuntu/+source/nova
如果用git的话，需要先在~/.git_config中添加：
[url "git+ssh://zhhuabj@git.launchpad.net/"]
insteadof = lp:
然后执行：git push lp:~zhhuabj/ubuntu/+source/nova
最后访问： https://code.launchpad.net/~zhhuabj/ubuntu/+source/nova/+git/nova
8, sru进度查看
UA, https://people.canonical.com/~ubuntu-archive/pending-sru.html
UCA, reqorts.qa.ubuntu.com/reports/ubuntu-server/cloud-archive/kilo_versions.html
附录一，sbuild
#sbuild, https://wiki.ubuntu.com/SimpleSbuild
#sudo add-apt-repository cloud-archive:liberty
cat /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu-cloud-archive-liberty-staging-trusty.list
deb http://ubuntu-cloud.archive.canonical.com/ubuntu liberty-updates/ubuntu main
# deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntu-cloud-archive/liberty-staging/ubuntu trusty main
# deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntu-cloud-archive/liberty-staging/ubuntu trusty main
schroot -l
schroot -c source:trusty-amd64 -u root #这句会告成电脑没有声音，可以使用sudo killall pulseaudio解决
schroot -c trusty-amd64 -u root #do work
apt-get build-dep libvirt-bin
sbuild -d trusty-amd64
附录二, pbuilder
注： 关于apt-cacher-ng的用法可见： ssh总断 (by quqi99)_quqi99的博客-CSDN博客_ssh中断
#pbuilder https://wiki.ubuntu.com/PbuilderHowto http://www.cr173.com/html/28930_1.html
sudo apt-get install pbuilder debootstrap devscripts apt-cacher-ng
echo 'PassThroughPattern: .*' |sudo tee -a /etc/apt-cacher-ng/acng.conf
echo 'Acquire::http::Proxy "http://127.0.0.1:3142";' | sudo tee /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/01acng
$ sudo cat /etc/pbuilderrc
MIRRORSITE=http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/
export http_proxy=http://127.0.0.1:3142/
export http_proxys=http://127.0.0.1:3142/
DEBFULLNAME='xxx'
DEBEMAIL='xxx@xxx.com'
DISTRIBUTION='trusty'
OTHERMIRROR="deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ ${DISTRIBUTION} universe"
OTHERMIRROR+="|deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ ${DISTRIBUTION}-updates main universe"
OTHERMIRROR+="|deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ ${DISTRIBUTION}-proposed main"
EXTRAPACKAGES=''
EXTRAPACKAGES+=' vim sudo openssh-server bash-completion wget rsync git build-essential gdb crash apt-transport-https ca-certificates ubuntu-cloud-keyring'
# Cloud Archive
#OS_RELEASE='liberty'
#OTHERMIRROR+="|deb http://ubuntu-cloud.archive.canonical.com/ubuntu $DISTRIBUTION-updates/$OS_RELEASE main"
if [ -n "$OS_RELEASE" ]; then
BASETGZ="/var/cache/pbuilder/$DISTRIBUTION-$OS_RELEASE-base.tgz"
else
BASETGZ="/var/cache/pbuilder/$DISTRIBUTION-base.tgz"
fi
#sudo pbuilder --create --distribution trusty --architecture amd64 --basetgz /images/pbuilder/trusty-amd64-base.tgz --debootstrapopts --variant=buildd
sudo pbuilder --create --distribution trusty --architecture amd64 --debootstrapopts --variant=buildd
sudo cp /var/cache/pbuilder/trusty-base.tgz /var/cache/pbuilder/trusty-liberty-base.tgz
then uncomment OS_RELEASE, run 'sudo pbuilder update' again
sudo pbuilder login --save-after-login #equal to chroot
echo 'precedence ::ffff:0:0/96 100' >> /etc/gai.conf
root# Add UCA repository to source.list,
# 'deb http://ubuntu-cloud.archive.canonical.com/ubuntu liberty-updates/ubuntu main' && apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 8A6844A29F68104E
or apt-get install software-properties-common python-software-properties && add-apt-repository cloud-archive:liberty
root# apt update
then exit chroot, press ctrl-d to save
#schroot -c trusty-amd64 -p apt update
#it's more safer to use the following chroot instead of above 'pbulider login' and 'schroot' to modify chroot env
LANG=C DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive chroot /var/lib/schroot/chroots/trusty-amd64 bash -c 'apt-get update'
echo 'hua ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL' |sudo tee -a /var/lib/schroot/chroots/trusty-amd64/etc/sudoers
sudo pbuilder update #run again when building the package every time
wget https://launchpad.net/debian/+archive/primary/+files/libvirt_1.2.14-3.dsc
wget https://launchpad.net/debian/+archive/primary/+files/libvirt_1.2.14.orig.tar.gz
wget https://launchpad.net/debian/+archive/primary/+files/libvirt_1.2.14-3.debian.tar.xz
#注意：上面的是debian包，需要先使用beyond compare工具和ubuntu的1.2.16对debian目录进行比较转化成ubuntu包，转换规则是：
1， 凡1.2.14有的，1.2.16没有的，删
2， 凡1.2.14没有的，1.2.16有的，增
3， 凡1.2.14与1.2.16不一致的以1.2.16为准
4， debian/patch和debian/changlog可以不作处理
5， debian/control也是重点
#sudo pbuilder --build --distribution trusty --architecture amd64 ./libvirt_1.2.14-3.dsc
dpkg-source -x libvirt_1.2.14-3.dsc && cd libvirt-1.2.14
# sudo pdebuild
NOTE: 若看到错误:Unable to find neutron_14.1.0.orig.tar.gz in upload or distribution. 是需要运行: sudo pdebuild --debbuildopts -sa
sudo pdebuild --debbuildopts -sa # sometimes need to include source code for uca
# you'd better not add sudo
debsign /var/cache/pbuilder/result/<package>_<version>.changes -k$GPGKEY
dput ppa:techtonik/backports /var/cache/pbuilder/result/<package>_<version>.changes
注意： 其他帐户的私有PPA要点击"Manage Access"按钮将自己LP ID加进去之后才能在OpenID transaction in progress 键接看到ppa的用户名和密码
sudo apt-get autoclean
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get -f install
sudo apt update
cat /etc/apt/source.list
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
#deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty main
## ubuntu ddebs
# deb http://ddebs.ubuntu.com/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
# deb http://ddebs.ubuntu.com/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb http://ddebs.ubuntu.com/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb http://ddebs.ubuntu.com/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
## kernel ppa
# deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/canonical-kernel-team/ppa/ubuntu xenial main
# deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/canonical-kernel-team/ppa/ubuntu xenial main
附录 - 如何修改ubuntu-installer
Ubuntu有两个Installer [3], 一个是修改版的Debian Installer [2](也叫d-i, 用C/bash写的), 一个用于desktop CD安装的Ubiquity[1] (前端用python写的，后端还是d-i, ‘bzr branch http://bazaar.launchpad.net/~ubuntu-installer/ubiquity/trunk‘)。
例如，要修改ubiquity源码(sudo apt-get source ubiquity)下的./d-i/source/preseed/debian/network-preseed.postinst文件，先从https://launchpad.net/d-i(debian对应的链接是https://anonscm.debian.org/cgit/d-i/）找到ubuntu修改后的d-i应该对应preseed，然后找到对应的源码为http://bazaar.launchpad.net/~ubuntu-installer/preseed/master/view/head:/debian/network-preseed.postinst (也可通过’bzr branch lp:preseed’或’bzr branch lp:~ubuntu-core-dev/preseed/ubuntu’命令下载源码).
sudo apt-get source preseed
bzr branch http://bazaar.launchpad.net/~ubuntu-core-dev/preseed/ubuntu
那么如何将修改的preseed debdiff生成iso文件呢？只需要先将preseed dput到ppa (preseed是没有patchless的，直接修改要修改的文件即可), 等它build完成之后然后再将debian-installer (sudo apt-get source debain-installer，不需要修改源文件，只需要在changelog中增加版本号) dput到ppa即可。等 build完之后便可以生成mini.iso ( http://ppa.launchpad.net/zhhuabj/xenial-sru-testing/ubuntu/dists/xenial/main/installer-amd64/20101020ubuntu451.19/images/netboot/mini.iso )。
如何测试这个mini.iso呢？和测试full iso的方法一样，启动后在选择语言处按TAB键(full iso是按F6键)进入grub菜单，然后添加url=http://192.168.99.135/xenial.preseed即可。在正式版出来之前只能使用mini.iso，full iso的日期可参见：https://wiki.ubuntu.com/BionicBeaver/ReleaseSchedule
[1] https://code.launchpad.net/~ubuntu-installer/ubiquity/trunk
[2] http://d-i.alioth.debian.org/doc/talks/debconf6/paper/
[3] https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Installer/Development
[4] http://bazaar.launchpad.net/~ubuntu-core-dev/preseed/ubuntu/view/head:/debian/network-preseed.postinst
[5] http://bazaar.launchpad.net/~ubuntu-installer/preseed/master/view/head:/debian/network-preseed.postinst
[6] https://anonscm.debian.org/cgit/d-i/preseed.git/tree/debian/network-preseed.postinst
附录： How to use schroot to enter a chroot without using sudo
sudo apt install -y schroot sbuild debhelper ubuntu-dev-tools piuparts
sudo mkdir -p /var/lib/schroot/chroots/trusty-amd64
sudo cp /etc/schroot/schroot.conf /etc/schroot/schroot.conf.old
sudo debootstrap --include=sudo,bash-completion,kernel-wedge,fakeroot,git,vim,bc,gawk,libncurses5-dev,libssl-dev,openssl,build-essential,rsync --arch=amd64 trusty /var/lib/schroot/chroots/trusty-amd64 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/
#sudo pbuilder login --save-after-login
#schroot -c trusty-amd64 -p apt update
#it's more safer to use the following chroot instead of above 'pbulider login' and 'schroot' to modify chroot env
LANG=C DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive chroot /var/lib/schroot/chroots/trusty-amd64 bash -c 'apt-get update'
echo 'hua ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL' |sudo tee -a /var/lib/schroot/chroots/trusty-amd64/etc/sudoers
vi /etc/schroot/chroot.d/sbuild-trusty-amd64
[trusty-amd64]
description=trusty-amd64
# To avoid the error 'You do not have permission to access the schroot service'
users=hua
groups=sbuild,root,admin
root-groups=sbuild,root,admin
# Uncomment these lines to allow members of these groups to access
# the -source chroots directly (useful for automated updates, etc).
#source-root-users=sbuild,root,admin
#source-root-groups=sbuild,root,admin
type=directory
profile=default
union-type=overlayfs
# We can also use the chroot which is created by pbuilder. eg: tar -xf /var/cache/pbuilder/trusty-base.tgz
directory=/var/lib/schroot/chroots/trusty-amd64
source-root-users=root,sbuild,admin
source-root-groups=root,sbuild,admin
preserve-environment=true
# https://blog.csdn.net/fenglailea/article/details/37035995
sudo groupadd admin
sudo adduser $USER admin
schroot -l
schroot -c trusty-amd64
schroot -c trusty-amd64 -- cmd ...
#export $(dpkg-architecture -aarm64); export CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu-
#fakeroot debian/rules clean binary-generic
附录 - The best solution to fix broken ubuntu package
sudo apt update --fix-missing
hua@t440p:~$ sudo dpkg --configure -a
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of bpfcc-tools:bpfcc-tools depends on python-bpfcc (>= 0.5.0-5ubuntu1); however:Package python-bpfcc is not installed.
dpkg: error processing package bpfcc-tools (--configure):dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Errors were encountered while processing:bpfcc-tools#Remove python-bpfcc and bpfcc-tools from the file /var/lib/dpkg/status
sudo vim /var/lib/dpkg/status#then run
sudo fuser -vki /var/lib/dpkg/lock
sudo dpkg --configure -a20210713 Update
$ cmadison neutronneutron | 2:8.4.0-0ubuntu7.5~cloud0 | mitaka | trusty-updates | sourceneutron | 2:8.4.0-0ubuntu7.5~cloud0 | mitaka-proposed | trusty-proposed | sourceneutron | 2:12.1.1-0ubuntu7~cloud0 | queens | xenial-updates | sourceneutron | 2:12.1.1-0ubuntu8~cloud0 | queens-proposed | xenial-proposed | sourceneutron | 2:14.4.2-0ubuntu1~cloud2 | stein | bionic-updates | sourceneutron | 2:14.4.2-0ubuntu1~cloud2 | stein-proposed | bionic-proposed | sourceneutron | 2:15.3.4-0ubuntu1~cloud0 | train | bionic-updates | sourceneutron | 2:15.3.4-0ubuntu1~cloud0 | train-proposed | bionic-proposed | sourceneutron | 2:16.3.2-0ubuntu3~cloud0 | ussuri | bionic-updates | sourceneutron | 2:16.3.2-0ubuntu3~cloud0 | ussuri-proposed | bionic-proposed | sourceneutron | 2:17.1.1-0ubuntu1~cloud0 | victoria | focal-updates | sourceneutron | 2:17.1.2-0ubuntu1~cloud0 | victoria-proposed | focal-proposed | sourceneutron | 2:18.0.0-0ubuntu2.1~cloud0 | wallaby | focal-updates | sourceneutron | 2:18.0.0-0ubuntu2.1~cloud0 | wallaby-proposed | focal-proposed | sourceneutron | 2:18.0.0+git2021061405.f042d690be-0ubuntu1~cloud0 | xena | focal-updates | sourceneutron | 2:18.0.0+git2021061405.f042d690be-0ubuntu3~cloud0 | xena-proposed | focal-proposed | source$ rmadison neutronneutron | 1:2014.1-0ubuntu1 | trusty | sourceneutron | 1:2014.1.3-0ubuntu1.1 | trusty-security | sourceneutron | 1:2014.1.5-0ubuntu8 | trusty-updates | sourceneutron | 2:8.0.0-0ubuntu1 | xenial | sourceneutron | 2:8.4.0-0ubuntu7.4 | xenial-security | sourceneutron | 2:8.4.0-0ubuntu7.5 | xenial-updates | sourceneutron | 2:12.0.1-0ubuntu1 | bionic | sourceneutron | 2:12.1.1-0ubuntu8 | bionic-updates | sourceneutron | 2:16.0.0~b3~git2020041516.5f42488a9a-0ubuntu2 | focal | sourceneutron | 2:16.3.2-0ubuntu3 | focal-updates | sourceneutron | 2:17.0.0-0ubuntu1 | groovy | sourceneutron | 2:17.1.1-0ubuntu1 | groovy-updates | sourceneutron | 2:17.1.2-0ubuntu1 | groovy-proposed | sourceneutron | 2:18.0.0-0ubuntu2 | hirsute | sourceneutron | 2:18.0.0-0ubuntu2.1 | hirsute-updates | source
SRU进度查询
First the fix is uploaded to Queue - https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/focal/+queue?queue_state=1&queue_text=
then it is accepted into proposed, see UCA Package Tracking - https://openstack-ci-reports.ubuntu.com/reports/cloud-archive/ussuri_versions.html
then from proposed to updates slot, see Pending SRU - https://people.canonical.com/~ubuntu-archive/pending-sruAdd Key
说重置时是因为wall
#sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv ABF5BD827BD9BF62
sudo gpg --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-key ABF5BD827BD9BF62
sudo gpg -a --export ABF5BD827BD9BF62 | sudo apt-key add -Reference
1, https://help.launchpad.net/Packaging/UploadErrors
2, https://wiki.canonical.com/STS/Engineering/Hotfix
3, http://packaging.ubuntu.com/html/fixing-a-bug.html#work-on-a-fix
4, http://packaging.ubuntu.com/html/traditional-packaging.html#creating-a-debdiff
5, http://blog.packagecloud.io/debian/debuild/packaging/2015/06/08/buildling-deb-packages-with-debuild/
6, https://wiki.ubuntu.com/OpenStack/StableReleaseUpdates
7, https://wiki.ubuntu.com/OpenStack/CorePackages
8, https://wiki.ubuntu.com/ServerTeam/OpenStack/SRUCadence
9, https://wiki.ubuntu.com/SimpleSbuild#